A band of pictures is placed inside a shallow outer cylinder, so that each picture is reflected by the inner set of mirrors. The number of mirrors is equal to the number of pictures, and the images of the pictures are viewed in the mirrors. When the outer cylinder rotates, the quick succession of reflected pictures gives the illusion of a moving picture.
Source: http://courses.ncssm.edu/gallery/collections/toys/html/exhibit11.htm
The Praxinoscope was the first invention of Émile Reynaud in 1876. Patented in 1877, it's a toy giving the optical illusion of movement.
Source: http://www.emilereynaud.fr/en/index.php/post/The-Praxinoscope
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