Tex Avery

Tex Avery:

Tex Avery was born on February 26,1908 in Texas and he died on August 26, 1980.
 He was an animator, cartoonist, voice actor and director, he created the charaters of Bugs Bunny, Daffy Duck ect he worked with these characters in the Warner Bros and Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer (MGM) studios.

Rotoscope

 Rotoscope:

Rotoscoping is an animation technique in which animators trace over footage, frame by frame, for use in live-action and animated films. Originally, recorded live-action film images were projected onto a frosted glass panel and re-drawn by an animcomputers.

ator. This projection equipment is called a rotoscope, although this device was eventually replaced by
Source:http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rotoscoping

It was invented by Max Fleischer in 1915, the first ever animation made by a rotoscope was 'out of the inkwell' which was released around 1915, he carried on with the method in 1917.

Kinetiscope

Kinetiscope:
The Kinetoscope is an early motion picture exhibition device. The Kinetoscope was designed for films to be viewed by one individual at a time through a peephole viewer window at the top of the device.
source: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kinetoscope

It was suggested in 1888 by a man called Thomas Edison and developed by a man called William Kennedy Laurie Dickson between 1889 and 1892.

Emile Reynaud - Praxinoscope

Emile Reynaud-Praxinoscope:
 A band of pictures is placed inside a shallow outer cylinder, so that each picture is reflected by the inner set of mirrors.  The number of mirrors is equal to the number of pictures, and the images of the pictures are viewed in the mirrors.  When the outer cylinder rotates, the quick succession of reflected pictures gives the illusion of a moving picture. 

Source: http://courses.ncssm.edu/gallery/collections/toys/html/exhibit11.htm

The Praxinoscope was the first invention of Émile Reynaud in 1876. Patented in 1877, it's a toy giving the optical illusion of movement.

Source: http://www.emilereynaud.fr/en/index.php/post/The-Praxinoscope

Joseph Plateatu - Phenakistoscope

Joseph Plateatu- Phenakistoscope:
The Phenakistoscope is uses the persistence of vision to create an illusion of motion. Although this theory had been recognized by the Greek mathematician Euclid, it wasn’t until 1829 that this principle became firmly established by Plateau. The Phenakistoscope used two discs mounted on the same axis. The first disc had slots around the edge, and the second had drawings of action, drawn around the disc in circles. Unlike Faraday’s wheel, whose pair of discs spun in opposite directions, a Phenakistoscope discs spun together in the same direction.  When viewed in a mirror through the disc’s slots, the pictures on the second disc will appear to move.
 source: http://animationgeek.blogspot.co.uk/2011/01/early-pioneer-joseph-plateau.html